Frontenac Bird Studies

Rose-breasted Grosbeak (D.Derbyshire)

It’s always nice to end on a high note. The Rock Ridge MAPS site finally lived up to the potential I thought it possessed for sampling post-breeding dispersal. Waves of birds were observed during our final visit of 2009-to and fro from the rock cliffs, along edges of outcrops and overhead. Tanagers, grosbeaks, warblers, vireos-all the familiar species that breed locally in Frontenac Provincial Park. Eastern Towhee, Chipping and Field Sparrow and Yellow-rumped Warbler seemed to be the most numerous of the species on the move. Most of the birds captured and banded were young birds such as the hatch-year (born summer ‘09) male Rose-breasted Grosbeak pictured above.

Yellow-rumped 'myrtle' Warbler (S.Leckie)

We ended up banding four Yellow-rumped Warblers during the morning, a small sample of the overall number that went through.

HY Eastern Phoebe (Leckie)

This hatch-year Eastern Phoebe was the first of the species that we’ve caught this summer and may well be one of the nestlings reared on the opposite cliff face from the banding station. Note the ‘gape’ evident at the corner of this bird’s bill, a temporary vestige of its recent life as a nestling. Also indicative of hatch-year individuals is the presence of distinct buff coloured wing bars (tips of greater, median and lesser wing coverts) as seen on this bird.

AHY-F Eastern Towhee (Derbyshire)

It is safe to say that I’ve not ever seen so many towhees in one place as during this last visit to RRID in early August! Both young and adults were calling and flitting from everywhere and it is remarkable that only two were captured by day’s end. This is an adult female as indicated by the red-eye colour and brown upperparts (males have black upperparts).

HY Eastern Towhee (Derbyshire)

A hatch-year individual for comparision. Note the pale brown iris and streaked underparts indicating juvenile age.

HY White-throated Sparrow (Leckie)

White-throated Sparrows were very common at the site during the first two visits and then slowly moved out until just a single male was heard on visit 6. The hatch-year bird pictured above was the first individual captured since mid-June. We will need more consecutive seasons of experience at RRID to know whether the exodus of adults and dearth of young birds in 2009 was just an anomaly reflective of localized nest failure. Another possible explanation is that the adults present at the site were “unfit” younger males occupying substandard habitats for the species.

HY Yellow-rumped 'Myrtle' Warbler (Derbyshire)

Yellow-rumped Warblers seemed to have fared better in 2009 as a decent number of young birds were captured at our sites in July/August.

A total of 24 birds were banded during visit 7, the second highest result of the season for the RRID site. Our first summer on the ridge was a very special one. Each of seven treks to the site brought new discoveries and a deeper appreciation for its ecology. The scenery is stark and dramatic, a vivid backdrop to a long list of memorable finds such as the Whip-poor-will and Common Nighthawk nests, an adult Broad-winged Hawk, carnivorous plants and otters to name but a few. I plan to revisit the site in the fall and winter and of course will return in late spring for MAPS season two at RRID.

Rock Ridge-Visit 7 of 7

New birds banded (24 of 13 species)

Common Yellowthroat-1
Black-and-white Warbler-2
Black-capped Chickadee-2
Eastern Phoebe-1
Song Sparrow-1
Veery-1
White-throated Sparrow-1
Rose-breasted Grosbeak-1
American Robin-5
Eastern Towhee-2
Yellow-rumped ‘Myrtle’ Warbler-4
Chipping Sparrow-2
Red-eyed Vireo-1

Recaptures (2 of 2 species)

Red-eyed Vireo-1
Chipping Sparrow-1

Magnolia Warbler (Seabrooke Leckie)

The Frontenac Breeding Birds program is close to completion with just the final visit to the Rock Ridge (RRID) MAPS site remaining for this year’s fieldwork. The Maplewood (MABO) MAPS site now has seven visits neatly squared away as well as the mandatory Habitat Structure Assessment (HSA) required by IBP for each registered station. During the last visit I was pleased to finally observe mixed flocks of dispersing birds moving through the site and even happier to find a higher proportion of young birds in the nets as the previous two visits were lacking in both departments. We also encountered a few species familiar to the general area but not to MABO, which included the boldly plumaged Magnolia Warbler above. Magnolia Warblers are an uncommon breeder in the region but can be locally regular in appropriate habitats (mixed forests with dense evergreen understorey).

Chestnut-sided Warbler (SL)

Another new species captured at MABO on visit seven was Chestnut-sided Warbler. This species is a regular breeder in edge/scrub habitats in the Frontenac Arch region. The Hemlock Lake (HELA) MAPS site contained at least one pair and roaming males have been heard and seen at both MABO and RRID throughout the summer but the species wasn’t banded until our last morning at Maplewood.

HY Chestnut-sided Warbler (SL)

We banded three in total including two hatch-year birds. Also, in the nick of time, young….

HY Veery (SL)

Veery (above) and Wood Thrush (below)! It would have been unfortunate to have an entire season slip by without banding any young of two dominant species at the site.

HY Wood Thrush (SL)

The final task of the season was to conduct the HSA for the 20 hectare station. The process is fairly time consuming but of paramount importance to the science of the operation. Three base habitats were identified and measured to index dominant species, biodiversity, structure, hydrology and succession for analysis of annual demographic statistics. The HSA will be repeated every five years for the lifetime of the station. It was enjoyable to spend the the time identifying the various species and gaining a richer understanding of the site’s ecology. Sugar Maple (dominant), Red Maple, Red Oak, White Ash, Hop-hornbeam, American Beech, Blue Beech were common in the middle-aged forest while White Oak and Eastern White Pine dominated in the younger section of the northern half. Recorded in smaller quantities were Speckled Alder, Striped Maple, Large-toothed Aspen, Shagbark Hickory, Black Ash and Red Cedar among many others. The trees were relatively straightforward while the ground cover was a little more daunting….

Understorey and ground cover at MABO (D.Derbyshire)

Already looking forward to revisiting MABO in 2010!

Maplewood Bog-Visit 7 of 7

New birds banded (15 of 12 species)

Chestnut-sided Warbler-3
Chipping Sparrow-1
Magnolia Warbler-1
Black-and-white Warbler-1
Ovenbird-1
Northern Waterthrush-1
Red-eyed Vireo-1
Veery-1
Gray Catbird-2
Baltimore Oriole-1
Wood Thrush-1
Hairy Woodpecker-1

Recaptures (4 of 4 species)
Red-eyed Vireo-1
Song Sparrow-1
Gray Catbird-1
Chestnut-sided Warbler-1

Male Indigo Bunting (Seabrooke Leckie)

The penultimate visit to MABO in 2009 was completed on July 25. Weather during the morning was more like spring with cool temperatures, thick fog and cloudy skies. A result of 18 new birds banded and 24 total captures was less than we were anticipating given the time of year. We continue to await any substantial movement of young birds at both MAPS stations. We are banding a few young birds here and there but the results so far are indicating low productivity in the area as a whole. Despite a shortage of hatch-year birds, we continue to sample adult birds in high numbers, including the Indigo Bunting pictured above.

HY Scarlet Tanager (Leckie)

This was the first hatch-year Scarlet Tanager (note the wing bars indicating Juvenal plumage) captured in 2009. We have banded enough Scarlet Tanagers this summer to suggest that both survivorship and productivity indices can be calculated on an annual basis. Veery, Wood Thrush, Black-and-white Warbler, Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Ovenbird and Northern Waterthrush are a few other examples of species sampled in sufficient quantity at MABO and/or RRID to produce vital rate statistics.

Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Leckie)

A few Ruby-throated Hummingbirds, all females, have slipped into our nets this summer. We release all hummers unbanded as we don’t have the special permits to band this species.

Wood Thrush (Leckie)

Thus far, results for Wood Thrushes and Veerys, abundant breeders at MABO, has been “hit and miss”. We have banded high numbers of adults but have yet to capture a single hatch-year in 2009. Considerably less common at MABO is the Hermit Thrush and yet we banded a juvenile here during visit 6! Naturally, these findings raise many questions that indicate a need for more data. A substantive network of stations across southern Ontario would be powerfully instructive toward an annual assessment of temporal and spatial variation in rates of productivity and long-term factors influencing population change. For the Frontenac Arch, we are committed to expansion of the MAPS program to bolster demographic monitoring in this region and hopefully to serve as a model for other areas in the province.

Maplewood Bog-Visit 6 of 7

New birds banded (18 of 12 species)

American Redstart-1
American Goldfinch-1
Indigo Bunting-1
Red-eyed Vireo-6
Song Sparrow-2
Scarlet Tanager-1
Hermit Thrush-1
White-breasted Nuthatch-1
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker-1
American Robin-1
Wood Thrush-1
Hairy Woodpecker-1

Captured and released unbanded (1 of 1 species)
Ruby-throated Hummingbird-1

Recaptures (5 of 5 species)
American Robin-1
Song Sparrow-1
Common Yellowthroat-1
Black-and-white Warbler-1
White-breasted Nuthatch-1

Yellow-billed Cuckoo (S.Leckie)

Fieldwork for the Frontenac Breeding Birds program is still rolling along with the Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship program. Since our last reports on visit three to each of the sites we have also completed rounds four and five at MABO and RRID. This summary reports on visit five to Rock Ridge (RRID), a site situated in rock barren habitat in Frontenac Provincial Park.

Sunrise over Big Clear Lake (Leckie)

Our pre-dawn entry to the site featured a spirited concert by Whip-poor-wills and Common Nighthawks and this sunrise on Big Clear Lake captured by Seabrooke Leckie. It was an enjoyable paddle-not too buggy and calm.

180 degrees of Rock Ridge goodness (click to enlarge)

I hope I’m not boring everyone with these pan shots from the RRID banding station but it continues to dazzle us with its scale and perspective:) This spot is extremely active first thing in the morning with loons diving and calling below, vultures and osprey soaring just overhead and a dizzying number and variety of birds moving between and along the cliffs. Post-breeding dispersal of adult and young birds is well underway and this is without a doubt the best spot to sit and watch. There were the usual suspects dispersing here on July 20, lots of Yellow-rumped, Pine and Black-and-white Warblers, Field and Chipping Sparrows, Purple Finches, phoebes, sapsuckers and towhees among others. There were also some new faces including a singing male Northern Parula about 50m from the banding station and several Vesper Sparrows, all of which sadly avoided capture.

Adult Hermit Thrush (Leckie)

We finally captured a Hermit Thrush at RRID! A male had been singing inside the perimeter of our station since May and had eluded us until visit 5.

Hatch-year Hermit Thrush (Leckie)

Its territory must have been neatly tucked inside our station boundaries as two youngsters were captured on this day, indicating that an active nest was present. Oddly, this was the first juvenile thrush we have captured so far this season (not including robins), despite that a much higher number of thrushes occur at MABO. In fact, the overall proportion of youngsters sampled thus far at both stations has been quite low, which may reflect low productivity-perhaps due to cool and wet weather. We still have two visits to MABO and RRID left in 2009 so we will reserve judgment for later.

Brother or sister HY Hermit Thrush (Leckie)

A second young Hermit Thrush captured in the same net on the following net check (All birds were later reunited).

Hatch-year Black-and-white Warbler (Leckie)

Black-and-white Warblers were equally sampled as three were banded on July 20, which included two young birds and an adult. Together, Hermits and Black-and-whites comprised almost 50% of the birds captured at RRID on this day. Capture totals at RRID have been considerably lower than at MABO thus far. Our point count surveys in the region indicated that the density and diversity of breeding birds in mixed-forest and rock barren habitat is lower than deciduous woodland. Still, the RRID site was partially selected for its potential to sample a large dispersal in late summer, which has yet to happen. We are hopeful that the remaining visits will yield an increased capture rate of birds dispersing from surrounding areas.

Spoon-leaved Sundew (Leckie)

Seabrooke was itching to check a nearby fen for carnivorous plants and wasn’t disappointed with what she found-plenty of Pitcher Plants and Spoon-leaved Sundews! The RRID site is positively teeming with biodiversity.

Seabrooke nest checking by canoe (Derbyshire)

There is usually some time between net checks to sit and watch birds from “the balcony” seat at the banding station. During one of these sessions I spotted an Eastern Phoebe entering a small cut in the rock at the water’s edge on the opposite cliff. I suspected a nest was present given their repeat visits to the same spot and the frequency with which adult phoebes were observed catching moths and other insects over the water.

Eastern Phoebe nest

I ‘radioed’ to Seabrooke about these observations and she was able to confirm the presence of a nest with three young positioned on a ledge underneath the cut in the rock wall. This is the second nest of an Eastern Phoebe recorded in non-manmade structures this summer. Despite how quiet the banding can be at times, there is never a dull moment at Rock Ridge!

Rock Ridge Results-Visit 5 of 7

New birds banded (15 of 8 species)

American Redstart-1
Black-and-white Warbler-3
Red-eyed Vireo-1
American Robin-4
Yellow-billed Cuckoo-1
Field Sparrow-1
Hermit Thrush-3
Blue Jay-1

Second-year male Scarlet Tanager

The mid-season “switch” was turned on at MABO this past week. We were plodding along at about 25 birds/morning during the first two visits in early to mid-June. This period of the breeding season is known as the adult “superperiod” when adult males and females tend to nests with eggs or young within defined territories. Capture rates tend to be a little lower at this time as there are few young in the area and just a sample of the adults are mistnetted. Young birds appear in numbers around mid-late June and suddenly the site is alive with adults either dispersing or establishing new territories in different spots. Visit three was a perfect example of this as a total of 45 birds were captured during the morning, which included the first wave of youngsters and many new adults banded including the striking Scarlet Tanager pictured above.

Habitat at Net #9 (aka waterthrush highway)

This is one of the net sites at Maplewood Bog MAPS station, net number nine of ten. Net nine is located in a wet shrubby clearing within mature deciduous forest. This wet area is actually part of a long and narrow band of flooded shrub habitat within the interior of the forest that connects two wetlands. Northern Waterthrushes seem to use this habitat feature as a sort of highway between territories and foraging areas. We have captured and recaptured a high number of individuals in this location. The photo was taken in late morning when light begins to scatter down to the forest floor but this net site is quite shaded for most of the morning.

Forest floor at MABO

The vegetation on the forest floor indicates an uneven canopy closure where enough light passes down to sustain a fairly dense layer of ferns, tree saplings and other herbaceous plants. This type of deciduous forest is preferred by Wood Thrush, Veery and American Redstart among others. Too dense for Cerulean Warblers however, as the singing males recorded here in late May and early June must have opted to look elsewhere for more mature forest with primarily grass/forb understorey.

Maple saplings in the understorey

Female Northern Waterthrush starting to moult

We captured four waterthrushes, including this adult female in the early stages of a complete moult. The new primary feathers are coming through in the center of the wing, which are noticeably darker and crisper than the adjacent primaries and secondaries feathers from 11-12 months ago. This individual was sexed as female based on the appearance of a waning brood patch, indicating that this was likely an early nester somewhere in the area.

Second-year male American Redstart

We also banded two new redstarts, including this second-year (SY) male that was captured simultaneously with an adult female in net ten. After-second year males have vivid orange and black plumage while the younger males, born last summer, have an unusually delayed plumage maturation for a warbler. SY males are distinguished from the females by the patchy black feathering around the eyes and bill.

After-second year male Common Yellowthroat

Overall it was a terrific outing and the results certainly give great confidence that the site can yield viable indices of both productivity and survivorship rates for several commonly breeding forest birds of the area. We still have four visits remaining for the MABO site in 2009 as well as a thorough Habitat Structure Assessment of the 20 hectare plot. It is still a bit early to make a final call but I think we can stamp the station with a shiny gold star for its performance thus far. The experience of establishing this and the other two sites will be crucial to setting priorities for expansion of our MAPS network in 2010. Results from visit three to MABO are posted below.

[I should be back to nest profiles and other blog topics tomorrow as I have a ton of content that I want to share with our faithful readers]

Maplewood Bog Results-Visit 3 of 7

New birds banded (36 of 14 species)

American Redstart-2
Black-capped Chickadee-5
Black-and-white Warbler-1
Common Yellowthroat-2
Ovenbird-1
Northern Waterthrush-3
Red-eyed Vireo-1
Veery-4
Song Sparrow-6
Swamp Sparrow-1
Scarlet Tanager-1
Gray Catbird-4
Rose-breasted Grosbeak-1
American Robin-4

Recaptures (9 of 6 species)

Black-capped Chickadee-2
Ovenbird-2
Northern Waterthrush-1
Red-eyed Vireo-1
Veery-2
American Robin-1

Male Yellow-rumped Warbler

This will have to be quick update on our MAPS progress as I will be up at 3am in the morning for the second visit to the Rock Ridge site in Frontenac Park. We visited Maplewood Bog (MABO) for the second time this season on June 14th. The weather was splendid and the fieldwork was even better as a total of twenty birds were captured, of which six were recaptures of birds banded during our first visit on June 6. The forest birds seemed a little quieter than last time but activity picked up as the sun rose and the heavy dew was burned off. Perhaps the most interesting of the captures was a pair of Yellow-rumped Warblers in net 2 at about 6am. There is quite a large contingent of Yellow-rumps breeding in a nearby pine forest but we hadn’t noticed any at the station until these two showed up in the nets. Both the male and female showed evidence of active breeding so they likely have or had a nest nearby.

Early morning sun at the banding station

This is the location of our banding station for the duration of the morning. This spot is next to a long and narrow clearing next to the main bog. The clearing seems to be a key “highway” of sorts where lots of adult birds congregate. The three nets along the edge of the clearing should be quite productive later in the season when the juveniles and adults move to more open and successional habitats to forage.

The largest bog at Maplewood

This is the largest of several bogs at the site, which all have complete rings or moats of deepish water along the perimeter and thick mats of sphagnum moss. Water Arum and irises have started to bloom along the water’s edge. It would be possible to walk on the moss if you could get past the moat but you would slowly sink and get very wet-very quickly (trust me on that one!). I suppose one could stay dry by skittering along really fast like a Western Grebe in courtship display but there wouldn’t be much point in doing such a thing:). The shrubs and stunted conifers in the middle of the blog always seem to have a large population of nesting birds but they are quite inaccessible to the terrestrial nest searcher/bander.

Seabrooke Leckie looking for breeding evidence

In addition to the six hours of mistnetting and banding, we also compile a daily breeding status code for each species recorded at the station. This information helps to weed out the actual breeders from transients and non-breeding residents. Seabrooke and I are often watching for adults carrying food or nest material and also keeping an eye out for recently fledged young.

Veery nest now with five hungry chicks!

The Veery nest (detailed earlier here) is located in a small juniper near one of our net lanes, which has given us a convenient window into the world of a pair of Veerys raising a family. Our first capture of the morning was of an adult female with a caterpillar intended for one of these gaping maws. We later caught the male with another green caterpillar! It always amazes me how fast the eggs and chicks develop. Just nine days ago this nest contained five eggs and is now full to the brim with five chicks who already have their primaries coming through. Our next visit won’t be for another six to seven days, by which time these chicks will have fledged. These young Veerys, less than a week old, will begin a perilous southbound journey to central and southern Brazil in just a month or two from now.

A summary of results for our visit is provided below. Lights out…

Maplewood Bog- Visit 2 of 7

Banding Results

Yellow-rumped Warbler-2
Black-capped Chickadee-1
Veery-4
Rose-breasted Grosbeak-2
Gray Catbird-2
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker-2
American Robin-1

Recaptures

Ovenbird-1
Northern Waterthrush-2
American Redstart-1
Veery-2

Notable Observations

Chestnut-sided Warbler
Wood Thrush (nest found)
Ovenbird (nest found)
Yellow-billed Cuckoo
Yellow-throated Vireo
Red-shouldered Hawk

Red-eyed Vireo (S.Leckie)

On Friday, June 5 we successfully completed our first session of fieldwork at our Maplewood Bog MAPS station, which is located on crown lands north of Frontenac Provincial Park. Once again I was joined by Seabrooke Leckie, FBS research assistant and director of photography. Seabrooke and I left the station around noon with a very positive impression of MABO for its abundance of breeding birds and rich habitat. Less enjoyable were the Deer Flies, which were rather relentless but we were armed with some defense for their attacks. The site is more easily accessible than Hemlock lake, which was appreciated and is distinctly more deciduous in forest type than the other stations. The first sound we heard after parking the vehicle was that of a Whip-poor-will singing with remarkable gusto from the edge of a nearby bog within the station boundaries.

Oak-Maple forest near net #8 (Leckie)

The name Maplewood Bog is our name for the site and was chosen based on this forest structure, which is dominant in the area. The forest consists primarily of maple and oak sp. with lesser quantities of ironwood, american beech, hop-hornbeam, shagbark hickory, basswood and eastern white pine. The forest is of a mixed age with scattered mature growth and an uneven canopy closure, which is well suited to the habitat requirements of Cerulean Warbler. There is at least one Cerulean Warbler, which sang tantalizingly close to net #10 for much of the morning. Red-eyed Vireo, Yellow-throated Vireo and Scarlet Tanager also occupy upper levels of the forest while Veery and Northern Waterthrush are abundant in the understory. An important feature of the site for our research interests is the abundance of natural clearings and wetlands distributed throughout the forest, where birds congregate to bathe and forage and disperse with their young.

Bog wetland near net #3 (Leckie)

The mistnets used to capture the resident breeding birds for banding and study are positioned in a circular fashion around an area of about 7 hectares. The standardized route for checking the nets travels the edges of three bogs containing spongy mats of sphagnum moss. These bogs also feature a dense perimeter of shrubs where American Redstarts and Northern Waterthrushes are nesting. Swamp Sparrow, Wilson’s Snipe, Yellow Warblers and Common Yellowthroats are also found in these habitats.

Upland scrub near net #5 (Leckie)

A small section of upland srub with rocky outcroppings occurs in the northwest corner of the site. This area is host to numerous Eastern Towhees, Field Sparrows and Great Crested Flycatchers to name a few. This habitat is found throughout the region on the tops of ridges where the glacial till is particularly lean.

Another bog near net #6 and #7 (Leckie)

Eastern Towhee (Leckie)

A total of 26 birds were captured at MABO during visit 1, which was a little busier than Hemlock Lake just two days previous. On any given MAPS visit we are only going to capture a small sample of the breeding bird community, which is why no less than seven visits in a single season are required to portray adult and juvenile “superperiods”. We caught just one Eastern Towhee on this day but there are many more in the area, which we can expect to encounter on subsequent visits. The instantly recognizable “drink your tea” song is a ubiquitous sound at all three of our MAPS stations, making them one of the most common birds at our sites. This is likely a reflection, in part, of the selection of edge habitats as net sites-crucial for measuring productivity rates in late summer.

Nashville Warbler (Leckie)

Nashville Warbler is another common species at all of the sites, although they have proven to be difficult to catch so far. We’ve only managed to capture two females (both with brood patches) that happened into our nets on the final round of the first visit to Maplewood Bog. The Nashville Warbler is a common breeder in the Frontenac Arch and Ontario as a whole, favouring more open forests with mixed deciduous and coniferous species.

Veery (Leckie)

The downward spiralling song of the Veery, no less distinctive than the song of the towhee, was heard in abundance at MABO during the first couple of hours we were there. The Veery is a regular breeder in deciduous forests with a closed canopy. I was thrilled to stumble upon an active nest of this species at the site and will be posting about that later in the week. We caught two of this species on this day and this particular female seemed happy to take Seabrooke’s offering of a Deer Fly for her trouble.

Northern Waterthrush (Leckie)

No question the bird du jour was Northern Waterthrush as a total of four were banded, all with either well developed brood patches (active breeding female) or cloacal protuberances (active breeding male). An adult was spotted carrying food along the shrubby edge of a small bog, indicating the presence of a nest with young in the area.

Ovenbird (Leckie)

Ovenbirds are more often heard than seen and apparently more often heard than caught as well. Mistnets are usually very good at capturing skulky species such as the interior forest dwelling Ovenbird but we only managed to band a single individual during our visit. There were certainly more than just a couple of Ovenbirds in the area so I’m anticipating that we will encounter them more often as the season rolls along.

Maplewood Bog is looking like a very promising site and potentially the busiest of the three stations we are running in 2009. We both remarked how enjoyable it was to take a moment and listen to the Cerulean Warbler, Yellow-throated Vireo and Scarlet Tanager that sang persistently throughout the day within 50m of the banding station-Frontenac birding at its best!

Maplewood Bog-Visit 1 of 7

Banding Results

American Redstart-2
Nashville Warbler-2
Field Sparrow-1
Common Yellowthroat-2
Black-and-white Warbler-1
Black-capped Chickadee-1
Northern Waterthrush-4
Ovenbird-1
Red-eyed Vireo-2
White-breasted Nuthatch-2
Veery-2
Wood Thrush-1
Eastern Towhee-1
Ruby-throated Hummingbird-1 (unbanded)
Rose-breasted Grosbeak-1 (unbanded)

Notable Observations

Whip-poor-will
Wilson’s Snipe
Yellow-throated Vireo
Ruffed Grouse
Common Loon
Yellow-billed Cuckoo
Common Raven
Yellow-rumped Warbler